Business, Management, Marketing, Money, Tax, Law, People

Quick Hits A lawful strike in Germany can supersede previously approved vacation, resulting in  an employee not receiving vacation pay for the strike period. Vacation from the previous year may expire if it is not taken during the carryover period; the employer’s special obligations to cooperate may be set aside if the vacation has already been requested and approved. The Case—Vacation Approved, Strike Underway: Who Pays? The employer, a recycling…

Quick Hits Oklahoma’s HB 3127 imposes a mandatory zero-tolerance drug and alcohol standard for safety-sensitive positions and replaces the previous broad employer-judgment standard with a specific list of qualifying duties. Employers now have expanded authority to act on positive marijuana tests under any compliant written drug and alcohol testing policy—not just for safety-sensitive roles. Employers still cannot take adverse action solely because someone holds a medical marijuana license. Zero Tolerance…

Quick Hits Parts of Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina are experiencing unhealthy air quality due to wildfire smoke. Employers may need to take safety precautions against wildfire smoke to comply with the federal Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Act and certain state-level laws. Some workers have disabilities that require reasonable accommodations when air quality is poor. With heavy wildfire smoke, harmful particles, gases, and ash can seep into workplaces and…

Quick Hits The federal Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) requires for-profit employers to pay all employees for all hours worked. Some interns and students are not considered employees if they meet the criteria of the “primary beneficiary” test. Some states have laws governing unpaid internships that are stricter than the FLSA. Unpaid internships remain fairly common in certain industries, including restaurants, publishing, television and filmmaking, music, and fashion. This designation…

Quick Hits In Sonderling v. Ikes Artisan Pizza LLC, the DOL argued that the FLSA’s anti-retaliation provision grants courts broad authority to award punitive damages against employers. The case implicates an unresolved circuit split and could significantly increase financial exposure under the FLSA retaliation. Background The Ikes Artisan Pizza case centers on a complaint filed by the DOL in 2022 alleging that the employer retaliated against an employee for communicating…

Quick Hits California Senate Bill 951 would require employers to provide at least ninety days’ advance written notice before eliminating positions due to AI or automation affecting twenty-five or more workers or twenty-five percent of the workforce, and to separately notify state agencies when they permanently stop hiring for roles replaced by AI. The bill would protect affected workers at companies with more than one hundred employees by prohibiting discharge…

Quick Hits Several federal laws may require businesses to provide reasonable accommodations for employees seeking infertility treatments. A growing number of states have passed laws requiring health plans to cover infertility diagnosis and treatments. Fertility medications and procedures are not always covered by health insurance. Leave Benefits The Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) may apply to fertility treatments if they are needed to address a serious health condition requiring…

Quick Hits Life science employers face a rapidly evolving 2026 legal landscape spanning noncompete enforcement shifts, expanding pay transparency mandates, AI bias audit requirements, immigration overhauls, DEI program legal exposure, NLRB policy reversals, OSHA heat standards, new leave and accommodation obligations, and workforce development imperatives. State and federal developments are moving in different and sometimes opposing directions, with the Trump administration pulling back on certain enforcement priorities while states accelerate…

Quick Hits The DOL’s AI Literacy Framework defines essential skills for effectively using and evaluating generative AI technologies in the workplace. The framework encourages employers to provide hands-on training to ensure all employees possess baseline AI literacy skills to engage with AI tools responsibly and effectively. The framework outlines foundational content areas and key principles for effective training, including experiential learning and the integration of complementary human skills alongside AI…

Quick Hits California’s AB 2064 would add “criminal history” as a new protected characteristic under both the Unruh Civil Rights Act and FEHA. Employers would retain the ability to consider criminal history through an individualized assessment under the Fair Chance Act, but would be required to demonstrate that the conviction directly and adversely relates to specific job duties before denying employment. The bill builds on California’s existing Fair Chance Act…

Quick Hits The California Court of Appeal held that an arbitrator’s finding of no Labor Code violations has issue-preclusive effect on an employee’s PAGA standing. The decision barred an employee from pursuing representative PAGA claims in court after losing on individual claims in arbitration. The ruling confirms a powerful strategy for employers: compel individual claims to arbitration, secure a favorable ruling, and then move to dismiss the representative PAGA action.…

Quick Hits The IRS has issued new guidance reflecting that the tax exclusion for educational assistance programs under Section 127 will be adjusted for inflation starting in 2027, while maintaining a flat cap of $5,250 for 2026. The guidance clarifies the permanent extension for tax-free employer contributions toward qualified education loans and clarifies that educator expenses can be claimed as itemized deductions starting in 2026. The IRS updated its frequently…

Quick Hits Beginning no later than January 3, 2028, eligible Maryland employees will be entitled to up to twenty-four weeks of paid family and medical leave for certain specified reasons. The MDOL’s FAMLI Division has significantly overhauled its website to provide new and expanded guidance to employers and employees in advance of the start of the paid family and medical leave insurance (FAMLI) program. The FAMLI Division’s employer-focused resources include…

Quick Hits The California Court of Appeal, Second Appellate District, held that ambiguities in three arbitration documents did not defeat the parties’ mutual intent to arbitrate. The ambiguities involved Federal Arbitration Act (FAA) applicability, arbitrator selection, and Private Attorneys General Act (PAGA) waivers. The court found only a low level of procedural unconscionability, typical of adhesive employment agreements, and no substantive unconscionability. The agreement’s severability clause allowed the court to…

Quick Hits A Massachusetts federal court extended its preliminary injunction blocking the ACTS survey mandate for twelve intervenor-plaintiffs, representing approximately 178 additional institutions of higher education. The court found that the intervenor-plaintiffs were likely to succeed on the merits of their claim that the ACTS survey was adopted in an arbitrary and capricious manner in violation of the Administrative Procedure Act (APA). The court concluded it had the statutory authority…

Quick Hits The DOJ ordered the reclassification of certain marijuana and marijuana-containing products from Schedule I to Schedule III controlled substances, potentially reshaping medical research and employer policies around its use.  Reclassification could lead to more medical research on marijuana and other non-employment-related impacts. Reclassification could also have implications for employers, including the handling of employees who are medical marijuana cardholders, analysis of workplace accommodation requests, and maintaining drug testing…

Quick Hits The D.C. Circuit held that an off-site repair facility located near a mine and used primarily to service coal haul trucks qualified as a “mine” under the Mine Act but avoided addressing broader MSHA jurisdictional questions. After the Supreme Court returned the case following Loper Bright, the D.C. Circuit adopted a fact-intensive test asking whether a facility is “necessarily connected with the use and operation of extracting, milling,…